Glenoid implant

ABSTRACT

An apparatus can include a base plate. A glenosphere can be configured to be mountable to the base plate. The glenosphere can be adapted to operate with a complementary humeral component. The base plate can include a removable taper member on a side of the base plate facing the glenosphere. The taper member can be configured to mount the glenosphere to the base plate.

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No.13/865,695, filed Apr. 13, 2013, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/637,089, filed on Apr. 23,2012, and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser.No. 61/704,120, filed on Sep. 21, 2012, the benefit of priority of eachof which is claimed hereby, and each of which are incorporated byreference herein in its entirety.

FIELD

The present subject matter relates to an orthopedic system andspecifically to a shoulder implant system.

BACKGROUND

In a healthy shoulder, the proximal humerus is generally ball-shaped,and articulates within a socket formed by the scapula, called theglenoid, to form the shoulder joint. Some implant systems for the totalreplacement of the shoulder joint generally replicate the naturalanatomy of the shoulder. Such implant systems can include a humeralcomponent having a stem that fits within the humeral canal, and anarticulating head that articulates within the socket of a glenoidcomponent implanted within the glenoid of the scapula.

Reverse-type shoulder implant systems have been developed in which theconventional ball-and-socket configuration that replicates the naturalanatomy of the shoulder is reversed, such that a concave recessedarticulating component is provided at the proximal end of the humeralcomponent that articulates against a convex portion of a glenosphere ofa glenoid component. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,854,768 and 7,959,680discuss reverse shoulder systems.

OVERVIEW

A base plate and a glenosphere mountable to the base plate. Theglenosphere can be sized or shaped or otherwise adapted to operate witha complementary humeral component. The base plate can include aremovable taper member on a side of the base plate facing theglenosphere. The taper member can be configured to mount the glenosphereto the base plate.

The base plate can include an attachment section configured to allowattachment and removal of the removable taper section. The base platecan include a threaded rod to receive the removable taper member. Thethreaded rod can include an unthreaded lead-in section dimensioned topromote axial alignment of the taper member relative to the threadedrod. The base plate can be configured to receive screws to attach thebase plate to a body. The base plate can include a first side configuredto be attached to a body and a second side configured to be attached tothe glenosphere. The taper member can include a 60 degree Morse taperregion. The glenosphere can include a corresponding taper region toreceive the taper member.

A base plate can be configured to be mounted to a body. The base platecan include a first side having a porous metallic surface that can beconfigured to be mounted to a glenoid and a second side that can have anattachment section. The base plate can include one or more holes, suchas to respectively receive screws to attach the base plate to a body. Ataper member can be removably attached to the attachment section of thebase plate. A glenosphere can be mounted to the taper member. Theglenosphere can be sized or shaped or otherwise adapted to operate witha complementary humeral component mounted to a stem.

The attachment section can include a threaded rod and the taper membercan include a mating threaded hole. The threaded rod can include anunthreaded lead-in section, which can be dimensioned to promote axialalignment of the taper member relative to the threaded rod. The baseplate can include an extended stem on the first side. The taper membercan include a 60 degree Morse taper region. The glenosphere can includea corresponding taper region to receive the taper member.

A method can include attaching a removable taper member to a reverseshoulder system base plate, and mounting a glenosphere to the tapermember.

Attaching can include threading the taper member to the reverse shouldersystem base plate. Attaching can include placing the taper member overan unthreaded lead-in section of a threaded rod on the reverse shoulderbase plate to axially align the taper member to the threaded rod beforethe threads of the threaded rod meet the threads of the taper member.The method can include removing the taper member and attaching a second,different taper member to the reverse shoulder system base plate. Thetaper member can include a 60 degree Morse taper region. The glenospherecan include a corresponding taper region to receive the taper member.

A base plate can have an oblong shape and include first and second stemsextending from a first side of the base plate. The base plate caninclude a taper attachment section on a second side of the base plate.The base plate can be configured to be mounted to a glenoid. A removabletaper member can be mounted to the taper attachment section, and ashoulder implant component can be mounted to the removable taper member.

The shoulder implant component can include a glenosphere. The shouldersystem can include a humeral stem and an articulating liner attached tothe humeral stem, the articulating liner can be adapted to articulateabout the glenosphere. The shoulder implant component can include aglenoid component including a concave articulating glenoid surface. Theshoulder system can include a humeral stem and a glenosphere attached tothe humeral stem, the glenosphere can be shaped to articulate with theconcave articulating glenoid surface. The removable taper member can bemounted to the base plate at a non-centered location of the base plate.The base plate can include a surface profile that includes one dimensiongreater than another dimension. The taper attachment section can includea threaded post and the first stem is aligned with the threaded post.The base plate can include three holes configured to receive screws toattach the base plate to a body. The attachment section can include athreaded rod configured to receive the removable taper member. Thethreaded rod can include an unthreaded lead-in section dimensioned topromote axial alignment of the taper member relative to the threadedrod.

These examples can be combined in any permutation or combination. Thisoverview is intended to provide an overview of subject matter of thepresent patent application. It is not intended to provide an exclusiveor exhaustive explanation of the invention. The detailed description isincluded to provide further information about the present patentapplication.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like numeralsmay describe similar components in different views. Like numerals havingdifferent letter suffixes may represent different instances of similarcomponents. The drawings illustrate generally, by way of example, butnot by way of limitation, various embodiments discussed in the presentdocument.

FIG. 1 shows an implant system for a reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a base plate for the reverse shoulderimplant system of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 shows a taper member.

FIG. 4 shows a side view of the reverse shoulder implant system.

FIG. 5 shows a cross-section view of the reverse shoulder implantsystem.

FIG. 6 shows a rear perspective view of a shoulder implant system.

FIG. 7 shows a front perspective view of the shoulder implant system ofFIG. 6.

FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a shoulder implant system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As used herein, the following directional definitions apply. Anteriorand posterior mean nearer the front or nearer the rear of the body,respectively, proximal and distal mean nearer to or further from theroot of a structure, respectively, and medial and lateral mean nearerthe sagittal plane or further from the sagittal plane, respectively. Thesagittal plane is an imaginary vertical plane through the middle of thebody that divides the body into right and left halves.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an implant system 100 for a reverse shoulderarthroplasty. The reverse shoulder implant system 100 can include ahumeral component 102 that can be sized or shaped or otherwise adaptedto be fitted within a prepared proximal end canal of a humerus, and aglenoid component 104 that can be sized or shaped or otherwiseconfigured to be mounted to a prepared surface of a patient's glenoid,such as via a plurality of screws. The humeral component 102 canarticulate about the glenoid component 104, such as to replicate themovement of the natural shoulder joint.

The humeral component 102 can include a humeral stem 106 and anarticulating liner 108 that can be fitted to the humeral stem 106 andthat can have a concave articulating surface. The glenoid component 104can include a glenoid base plate 110, a removable taper member 302, anda glenosphere 112 that can be fitted to the taper member 302 of theglenoid base plate 110 and having a convex articulating surface. In use,the articulating liner 108 can articulate about the glenosphere 112.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an example of the base plate 110. Thebase plate 110 can be configured to be mounted to the glenoid of apatient and can include a stem 202 that can extend from a first side 204of the base plate 110. An outer porous surface on the first side 204 canbe adapted to promote bone growth. For example, the first side 204 caninclude a porous metallic surface 235. Two or more holes 206 can extendthrough the base plate 110 and can be configured to respectively acceptattachment screws.

For example, the first side 204 can include a highly porous biomaterialuseful as a bone substitute and/or cell and tissue receptive material.An example of such a material can be produced using Trabecular Metal®technology generally available from Zimmer, Inc., of Warsaw, Ind.Trabecular Metal® is a trademark of Zimmer Technology, Inc. Such amaterial can be formed from a reticulated vitreous carbon foamsubstrate, which can be infiltrated and coated with a biocompatiblemetal, such as tantalum, etc., such as using a chemical vapor deposition(“CVD”) process, such as in the manner disclosed in detail in U.S. Pat.No. 5,282,861, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein byreference. One or more other metals such as niobium, titanium, or one ormore alloys of tantalum and niobium with each other or with one or moreother metals can also be used.

The base plate 110 can include a taper attachment section 220 that canextend from a second side of the base plate 110. The attachment section220 can be adapted to receive the removal taper member 302 and to allowa user to remove the removable taper member 302 without damaging thebase plate 110. The attachment section 220 can include a threaded rod221 such as to receive the removable taper member. The threaded rod 221can extend from the surface of the base plate 110 and can include alower threaded section 223, a rounded top 231, and an unthreaded lead-insection 225. The unthreaded lead-in section 225 can have a heightdimensioned to promote axial alignment of the removable taper member 302relative to the threaded rod 221 when the taper member 302 is mounted tothe base plate 110. The unthreaded lead-in section 225 and/or therounded top 231 can help inhibit thread misalignment between the twomembers and can make it easier for a user to install the taper member tothe threaded rod. The threaded rod 221 can include a ¼-20 threaded rod,such as can protrude from the center axis of the base plate 110.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the taper member 302. The taper member 302can be generally cylindrical with a tapered outer surface shape 306. Thetaper member 302 can include a threaded hole 304 that can be configuredto removably receive the threaded rod 221 such as discussed herein. Thisallows taper member 302 to be removed from the base plate 110 and asimilar or different taper member can be mounted to the base plate 110without the base plate 110 having to be removed from its implantedlocation. This removability/interchangeability of the present tapersystem allows a doctor to revise the taper region of the implant asneeded without unnecessary complications. The taper member 302 can beconfigured to mount the glenosphere 112 to the base plate 110. The tapermember 302 can have a 60 degree Morse taper region defined by itstapered outer surface shape 306. The Morse taper region can provide aconical press-fit fixation of the taper member 302 into thecorresponding taper region of the glenosphere 112, such as for providingaccurate alignment and frictional fixation. Another Morse taper size canbe used depending on need and requirements of the correspondingglenosphere used.

FIG. 4 shows a side view of an example of the reverse shoulder implantsystem, and FIG. 5 shows a cross-section view of the example of thereverse shoulder implant system.

The system can include the humeral component 102 fitted to a glenoidcomponent 104 that can include the glenosphere 112. The base plate 110can be mounted to a prepared surface of a patient's glenoid 515, such asvia a plurality of screws 510. The removable taper member 302 can befitted to the glenosphere 112. The glenosphere 112 can have a femaletaper region 502 that can form a cavity 505 and the removable tapermember 302 can fit within the corresponding taper region 502.

The base plate stem 202 can extend from the base plate 110 and can beimplanted within the glenoid area. The threaded rod 221 can extend fromthe surface of the base pate 110 and can receive the removable tapermember 302.

In use, the base plate 110 can be implanted to the patient's glenoid515. After the attachment screws 510 have been attached, the tapermember 302 can be screwed onto the base plate 110 over the threaded rod221. The glenosphere 112 can then be force fit over the taper member302. If revision is needed, the glenosphere 112 can be removed from thetaper member 302 and, if needed, the taper member 302 can be removed,such as by unthreading from the base plate 110. A similar or a differenttaper member can then be threaded onto the threaded rod 221. Forexample, if the doctor decides to use a different size glenospherehaving a different size taper region 502, a matching taper member can beused. Depending on the glenosphere used, or for other considerations,the different sized taper member can be any combination of wider,thinner, taller, or shorter than the present taper member.

Accordingly, the present system can include a glenoid component 104 witha removable/interchangeable taper member 302 such as to allow for theremoval of the taper member 302 of the implant without disrupting therest of the implant that has established bone ingrowth. For example,sometimes during a revision surgery, the entire glenoid component from atotal shoulder arthroplasty procedure must be removed to provide anundisturbed taper surface for the implant. In the present system, tapermember 302 can be exchanged for a different type of taper for use with adifferent glenoid head to be installed in the patient. For example,humeral heads, usually intended for a standard shoulder procedure, canbe used as glenospheres when using the present system. This system canalso allow a surgeon to choose more options for particular anatomicsituations, such as where spacing is required from the glenoidcomponent, which is believed not possible with current systems on themarket.

This system can allow for the use of the readily available humeral headsfor this proposed system. The removable taper member 302 can allow asurgeon to replace only the tapered section of the glenoid implant, suchas if this were to become compromised by a failed attempt to seat theglenosphere during the surgery. The removable taper member 302 can alsobe helpful to a surgeon performing a revision procedure because thedoctor would be able to insert a fresh taper component withoutdisturbing the rest of the implant, which may have already establishedbone ingrowth.

Moreover, using a removable taper member 302 can allow for a shorter ortaller taper member to used, which can allow the doctor to control theaxial distance of the glenoid component 104. Having an axial distanceadjustable glenoid component 104 can allow surgeons to custom build eachimplant to the particular patient anatomy with the already-existingadjustable humeral component for tightening the joint space. Forexample, a surgeon can choose a shorter or longer taper member 306, suchas depending on the chosen humeral head, and the patient's anatomy, toprovide the desired fit. Also, choosing a different height for the tapermember 306 can provide the ability to tension the joint from the glenoidside of the shoulder. It is believed that this can help provide lessscapular notching from the humeral component than is seen with currentcompetitive systems on the market, since the humeral component 102 canbe moved away from the scapula. It is also believed that the humeralheads currently offered (for normal shoulder work) are available inlarger sizes, which are not presently common to reverse shoulder systemscurrently available. The present interchangeable taper member 306 wouldallow surgeons more adjustability in joint anatomy, which may lead intoorthopedic avenues in total shoulder arthroplasty that have not yet beenuncovered.

FIG. 6 shows a rear perspective view of a shoulder implant system 600and FIG. 7 shows a front perspective view of the shoulder implant system600. Shoulder system 600 can include the humeral component 102 and ashoulder implant component, such as the glenosphere 112, as discussedabove. Shoulder system 600 can also include a base plate 601.

The base plate 601 can be configured to be mounted to the glenoid 515 ofa patient and can include a first, lower stem 602 that can extend from afirst side of the base plate 601, and a second, upper stem 603 that canalso extend from the first side of the base plate. The upper stem 603can be shorter than the lower stem 602. An outer porous surface on thefirst side can be adapted to promote bone growth. For example, the firstside can include a porous metallic surface, such as discussed above.Three holes 605, 606, and 607 can extend through the base plate 601 andcan be configured to respectively accept attachment screws 610. Thethree screw holes 605, 606, and 607 are generally aligned with eachother and with the lower and upper stems 602 and 603, with the lowerscrew located below lower the lower stem 602, the middle screw locatedbetween the lower stem 602 and the upper stem 603, and the upper screwlocated above the upper stem 603.

The base plate 601 can include a taper attachment section 620 that canextend from a second side of the base plate 601. The attachment section620 is similar to the attachment section 220, discussed above. Theattachment section 620 can be adapted to receive the removal tapermember 302 and to allow a user to remove the removable taper member 302without damaging the base plate 601. The attachment section 620 caninclude a threaded rod 621 such as to receive the removable taper member302. The threaded rod 621 can extend from the surface of the base pate601 and can include a lower threaded section, a rounded top, and anunthreaded lead-in section, as discussed above for threaded rod 221.

The base plate 601 can include an oblong, eccentric surface profileshape that is not symmetric. For example, the base plate 601 can includean oblong surface profile that includes one dimension, such as height H,that is greater than a second dimension, such as width W. The base plate601 includes a first, lower section 651 having a generally round shapeand a second, upper section 652 which extends from the lower section651. In an example, the upper section 652 can be narrower than the lowersection 651. The lower section 651 and the upper section 652 define aneccentric, oblong surface profile shape for the base plate 601. The baseplate 601 can include at least a portion of upper section 652 that canextend above the mounted glenosphere 112 so that the surface profileshape is asymmetric relative to the glenosphere 112.

The removable taper 302 can be mounted to the base plate 601 at anon-centered location of the base plate 601. For example, the threadedpost 621 can be centered relative to the lower section 651 and offsetfrom upper section 652. The lower stem 602 can be located such that thelower stem 602 aligns with the threaded rod 620 and removable taper 302.Thus, lower stem 602 can provide the same primary support for the baseplate as stem 202 described above. (FIG. 4). The upper section 652 ofthe oblong, eccentrically shaped base plate 601 provides room on baseplate 601 for the upper screw 610 and the upper stem 603. This allowsthe base plate 601 to be mounted to the proximal bone that is oftenundisturbed by current shoulder systems.

The oblong, eccentric base plate 601 allows the base plate 601 to betterovercome bending moments that are applied to the shoulder componentmounted thereon. For example, in FIG. 6 forces applied to glenosphere112 are transferred to the base plate 601. If due to anatomical or otherreasons, the surgeon uses a longer removable taper 302, the bendingmoment of the glenosphere 112 on the base plate 601 will be greater.Thus, if the shoulder component, such as glenosphere 112 is lateralized,large bending moments may be applied to the glenoid bone stock, whichcan contribute to loss of bone ingrowth and implant loosening over time.The oblong, eccentric base plate 601 allows for the bending momentforces to be also resisted by the upper portion including upper post 603and the upper screw 610.

In use, the base plate 601 can be implanted to the patient's glenoid515. Before or after the attachment screws 610 have been attached, thetaper member 302 can be screwed onto the base plate 610 over thethreaded rod 621. The glenosphere 112 can then be force fit over thetaper member 302. If revision is needed, the glenosphere 112 can beremoved from the taper member 302 and, if needed, the taper member 302can be removed, such as by unthreading from the base plate 601. Asimilar or a different taper member can then be threaded onto thethreaded rod 621. For example, if the doctor decides to use a differentsize glenosphere having a different size taper region, a matching tapermember can be used. Depending on the glenosphere used, or for otherconsiderations, the different sized taper member can be any combinationof wider, thinner, taller, or shorter than the present taper member.

FIG. 8 shows a shoulder implant system for a standard shoulderarthroplasty. The shoulder implant system can include a humeral stem 802that can be sized or shaped or otherwise adapted to be fitted within aprepared proximal end canal of a humerus, a glenosphere 812 mounted toan end of the humeral stem 802, and a shoulder implant component, suchas a glenoid component 818. The glenosphere 812 can include a convexarticulating outer surface shaped to articulate with a complementaryconcave articulating glenoid surface 822 of the glenoid component 818,such as to replicate the movement of the natural shoulder joint.

The glenoid component 818 is mounted to the base plate 601 using a tapermember 830, in a similar manner as the attachment of the glenosphere112, discussed above. (FIG. 7).

Again, the oblong, eccentric shape of base plate 601 allows the baseplate 601 to better overcome bending moments that are applied to theshoulder component, such as glenoid component 818, mounted thereon. Forexample, forces applied to glenosphere 812 are transferred to glenoidcomponent 818 and then to the base plate 601. If due to anatomical orother reasons, the surgeon uses a longer removable taper 302, or alarger glenosphere 812, the bending moment of the on the base plate 601will be greater. If large bending moments are applied to the glenoidbone stock, this can contribute to loss of bone in-growth and implantloosening over time. The oblong, eccentric base plate 601 allows for thebending moment forces to be also resisted by the upper portion includingupper post and the upper screw being attached to the body.

Additional Notes

The above detailed description includes references to the accompanyingdrawings, which form a part of the detailed description. The drawingsshow, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which theinvention can be practiced. These embodiments are also referred toherein as “examples.” Such examples can include elements in addition tothose shown or described. However, the present inventors alsocontemplate examples in which only those elements shown or described areprovided. Moreover, the present inventors also contemplate examplesusing any combination or permutation of those elements shown ordescribed (or one or more aspects thereof), either with respect to aparticular example (or one or more aspects thereof), or with respect toother examples (or one or more aspects thereof) shown or describedherein.

All publications, patents, and patent documents referred to in thisdocument are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety, asthough individually incorporated by reference. In the event ofinconsistent usages between this document and those documents soincorporated by reference, the usage in the incorporated reference(s)should be considered supplementary to that of this document; forirreconcilable inconsistencies, the usage in this document controls.

In this document, the terms “a” or “an” are used, as is common in patentdocuments, to include one or more than one, independent of any otherinstances or usages of“at least one” or “one or more.” In this document,the term “or” is used to refer to a nonexclusive or, such that “A or B”includes “A but not B,” “B but not A,” and “A and B,” unless otherwiseindicated. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and “in which”are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms“comprising” and “wherein.” Also, in the following claims, the terms“including” and “comprising” are open-ended, that is, a system, device,article, or process that includes elements in addition to those listedafter such a term in a claim are still deemed to fall within the scopeof that claim. Moreover, in the following claims, the terms “first,”“second,” and “third,” etc. are used merely as labels, and are notintended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.

The claimed invention is:
 1. An apparatus comprising: a base plate; anda glenosphere configured to be mountable to the base plate, theglenosphere adapted to operate with a complementary humeral component;wherein the base plate includes a removable taper member on a side ofthe base plate facing the glenosphere, the taper member configured tomount the glenosphere to the base plate.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the base plate includes an attachment section configured toallow attachment and removal of the removable taper section.
 3. Theapparatus of claim 2, wherein the attachment section includes a threadedrod configured to receive the removable taper member.
 4. The apparatusof claim 3, wherein the threaded rod includes an unthreaded lead-insection dimensioned to promote axial alignment of the taper memberrelative to the threaded rod.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein thebase plate is configured to receive screws to attach the base plate to abody.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the base plate includes afirst side configured to be attached to a body and a second sideconfigured to be attached to the glenosphere, wherein the base plateincludes an oblong shape and includes first and second stems extendingfrom the first side of the base plate.
 7. The apparatus of claim 6,wherein the removable taper member is mounted to the oblong shaped baseplate at a non-centered location of the base plate.
 8. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the taper member includes a 60 degree Morse taperregion.
 9. An apparatus comprising: a base plate configured to bemounted to a body, the base plate including a first side having a porousmetallic surface configured to be mounted to a glenoid and a second sidehaving an attachment section, the base plate further including one ormore holes to respectively receive one or more screws to attach the baseplate to a body; a taper member removably attached to the attachmentsection of the base plate; and a glenosphere mounted to the tapermember, the glenosphere adapted to operate with a complementary humeralcomponent mounted to a stem.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein theattachment section includes a threaded rod and the taper member includesa mating threaded hole.
 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein thethreaded rod includes an unthreaded lead-in section dimensioned topromote axial alignment of the taper member relative to the threadedrod.
 12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the base plate includes anoblong shape and includes first and second stems extending from thefirst side of the base plate.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein theremovable taper member is mounted to the oblong shaped base plate at anon-centered location of the base plate.
 14. The apparatus of claim 13,wherein the base plate includes three holes configured to receive screwsto attach the base plate to a body.
 15. A method comprising: attaching aremovable taper member to a reverse shoulder system base plate; andmounting a glenosphere to the taper member.
 16. The method of claim 15,wherein attaching includes threading the taper member to the reverseshoulder system base plate.
 17. The method of claim 16, whereinattaching includes placing the taper member over an unthreaded lead-insection of a threaded rod on the reverse shoulder base plate to axiallyalign the taper member to the threaded rod before the threads of thethreaded rod meet the threads of the taper member.
 18. The method ofclaim 15, further comprising removing the taper member and attaching asecond, different taper member to the reverse shoulder system baseplate.
 19. The method of claim 15, wherein the taper member includes a60 degree Morse taper region.
 20. The method of claim 19, wherein thebase plate includes an oblong shape.